Company Profile: Pan African Resources plc

Pan African is a mining, exploration, and development company with operations solely on the African continent with a focus on gold.

The Company was incorporated in England and Wales, as an Internet Company, called Viking Internet PLC in 2000. During that same year it was listed on AIM for the first time. After a strategic decision was made to change the core focus of the Company, the name followed. Viking Internet PLC became an investment vehicle operating under the name of White Knight Investments PLC.

On 3 December 2003, after making the tactical decision to focus on the natural resources sector, White Knight Investments PLC completed the acquisition of Mistral Resources Development Corporation (Mistral), a company with two gold projects, one in Ghana and one in Mozambique. The acquisition, in effect, constituted a reverse takeover of the Company under the AIM rules, and on 14 September 2004 the Company was readmitted to AIM as Pan African Resources PLC – a gold exploration and development company with assets in Africa.

On 27 July 2007, Pan African Resources added three gold producing mines to the portfolio of assets already held in Africa. The Barberton Mining Operations consisting of the Fairview, Sheba and New Consort mines was added to provide Pan African Resources with increased cash flow in order to move the projects in other parts of Africa forward. The transaction constituted a reverse takeover according to the AIM Rules and Class Tests with a number of conditions, which had to be fulfilled, this warranted suspension from the exchange. The company was suspended from 20 December 2006 to 4 July 2007 as a result of the regulatory approval taking longer than expected.

On 4 July 2007 Pan African, after all the conditions precedent had been fulfilled, posted a circular to the shareholders as well as being readmitted to AIM for trading. On 27 July 2007, the shareholders voted in favour of the transaction. The transaction became effective on 31 July 2007 with Pan African completing an inward dual listing on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange’s AltX as well as the last conditions of the transaction.

This transaction completed Pan African’s transformation from being a junior gold explorer to being both a mid-tier gold producer whilst still retaining its focus on gold exploration in Africa.

URL
http://www.panafricanresources.com

Mining Week Deals

This week Albidon (ALD), the mining group working on the Munali nickel project in Zambia, reached an in-principle agreement for up to US$26 million in funding from Pacific Road Resources Funds (PRRF), a private equity investment fund specialising in investing in mining projects worldwide.

Blackthorn Resources (BRL) noted that it had been granted renewal of the New Order Prospecting Rights over the Mokopane Project in the Limpopo Province of South Africa.

Coal of Africa (COAL) secured a deal with Transnet Freight Rail that gives it rail allocation to transport 1 million tonnes per annum (mtpa) of coal to the Matola dry bulk terminal.

Three Questions Every Entrepreneur Must Answer

One of the hundreds of business ventures launched each year, many never get off the ground.

Why such dismal odds? Entrepreneurs - with their bias for action - often ignore ingredients essential to business success. These include a clear strategy, the right workforce talent, and organizational controls that spur performance without stifling employees' initiative.

Moreover, no two ventures take the same path. Thus entrepreneurs can't look to formulas to navigate the myriad choices arising as their enterprise evolves. A decision that's right for one venture may prove disastrous for another.

Here are three questions on how to chart a successful course for your venture:

WHERE DO I WANT TO GO?
To articulate your goals for the enterprises, clarify:

- What you want personally from your business: An outlet for artistic talent? A flexible lifestyle? The immorality of building an institution that embodies your values? Quick profits?

- The kind of enterprise required: For example, if you want to sell your business eventually you'll need to build a sustainable enterprise - one that can renew itself through changing generations of technology, employees, and customers. And you'll need a company big enough to support an infrastructure that won't require your daily intervention.

- Your risk tolerance: For example, building a sustainable business entails risky long-term bets - including trusting inexperienced employees, personally guaranteeing debt, and tolerating delayed payoffs. Are your goals worth the attendant risks?


HOW WILL I GET THERE?
Successful strategies:

- Provide clear direction: Articulate the enterprise's policies, geographic reach, capabilities and decision-making framework - in concise terms that employees, investors, and customers can understand.

- Generate sufficient profits and growth: Ensure that your strategy will produce desired business results. For example, Mothers Work - which sells maternity clothing to professional women - took off only when its founder revised her strategy from mail order (which generated low profits owing to stiff competition) to retail stores.

- Serve the enterprise long-term: Anticipate future market saturation, intensifies competition, and major technological change, then ensure that your strategy accommodates those future scenarios.

- Establish the right growth rate: Plan for a growth rate that will attract customers and capital without causing excessive stress for you and your employees.


CAN I DO IT?
A great strategy is worthless unless you can execute it. To do so, you'll need the right:

- Resources: Augment your workforce with employees possessing the skills, knowledge, and values needed to implement your strategy. A strong workforce attracts customers and investment capital.

- Infrastructure: Establish the organizational systems needed to execute your strategy. For example, suppose you want to build a geographically dispersed business, grow rapidly, and eventually go public. In this case, you'll need to invest heavily in mechanism for delegating tasks, specializing job roles, forecasting and monitoring availability of funds, and maintaining financial records.

- Role flexibility: To grow your business, your role must shift from doing the "real work" to teaching others to do it, prescribing desired results, and managing the work environment.

African private equity funds will struggle in fundraising through 2009

African private equity funds will struggle in fundraising through 2009 as investors have withdrawn from the market, says Rod Evison, a managing director at UK government-backed, emerging markets-focused firm CDC.

Evison predicts that African funds launched in the second half of 2008 will struggle to reach their targets due to the current withdrawal of international investors from the market.

Gross domestic product growth in South Africa in 2009 is likely to be between 2-3 per cent, well below the 5 per cent level that was sighted in 2007.

In Nigeria in 2009, growth is expected to remain around 6 per cent.

Playing an integral role in the revival of Africa.

LONRHO is a pan-African company with a diverse portfolio of investments focusing on Africa. Its investments range from primary infrastructure to transportation, support services, hotels and natural resources.

The Company is focused on servicing Western investment and African business by investing in emerging sectors across Africa, creating hubs of business through key investments.

Lonrho is re-establishing a significant presence on the African Continent through strategic investments across sectors in fast-growing African economies.

Malawi's inflation climbed to 9.9 percent

Malawi's inflation climbed to 9.9 percent year-on-year in December from 9.6 percent in November, largely due to higher non-food prices.

Malawi's second consecutive surplus harvest of the maize staple helped to reduce inflation from 15 percent in June 2006 to single digits in early 2007.

According to the Finance Minister Goodall Gondwe, he said the southern African nation would not able to meet some of its economic targets because of the global financial crisis, which may hurt exports.

Malawi relies on agriculture, primarily tobacco, for its foreign earnings and is dependent on imported oil and gas.

South Africa Telkom bought 25 percent of Nigeria Multi-Links for $130 million

South Africa's biggest fixed-line phone operator Telkom had bought the 25 percent of Nigerian firm Multi-Links it does not own for $130 million, the company said on Thusrday.

Telkom said it bought the private telecommunications operator from Kenston Investment Ltd. The deal was effective from January 21.

Telkom acquired 75 percent of Multi-Links in May 2007.

South Africa's Neotel may list on the JSE

Neotel [NEO.UL], South Africa's second-biggest fixed-line phone operator, may be listed on the Johannesburg stock exchange when the economic climate improves

Neotel, controlled by India's Tata group, is to spend up to 2 billion rand ($199.8 million) on a 5,000 km fibre optic cable network in partnership with mobile operator MTN (MTNJ.J).

Vodacom, South Africa's biggest mobile phone operator, may join MTN and Neotel to construct the network.

Neotel launched in 2006 after long delays and employs more than 900 people. It began offering telephone and Internet services to corporate clients in March 2007.

MTN and Neotel building fiber optic network for 2010 World Cup

South African cell phone operator MTN and fixed-line operator Neotel aim to build $197 million long distance fiber optic network in time for 2010 World Cup.

Reuters Poll: Kenya Economy

Analysts expect Kenya's economy to grow by 4.1% in 2009, partly due to falling prices for commodity imports. The risks in 2009 are that prolonged dry weather and a global slowdown may hurt key agricultural export sectors and tourism.

Last year’s spike in the price of crude and commodities such as fertiliser drove up Kenya’s import bill — a factor blamed for the shilling’s weakness in the second half of 2008.

Like neighbours Tanzania and Uganda, the financial crisis forced Kenya to shelve plans to issue a debut $500 million Eurobond. It is now planning to raise 18 billion shillings locally through infrastructure bonds.

Ghana has world's hottest stock exchange

About time for the continent of Africa to show the world we could compete globally. This is great to see Ghana and Tunisia Stock Market Leads World Indexes.

A year after it became widely known that Ghana had oil reserves of at least a billion barrels, the race for acreage has begun in earnest.

Read More

Top 3 Places To Invest In Africa & Middle East For 2009

Press Release Summary: The overseas property portal Homesgofast.com which promotes real estate in over 70 countries has predicted its top three places to invest within Africa and Middle East for 2009. The portal predicts that Dubai, Egypt and Tunisia will see the most activity from international property investors.

Press Release Body: The overseas property portal Homesgofast.com which promotes real estate in over 70 countries has predicted its top three places to invest within Africa and Middle East for 2009. The portal predicts that Dubai, Egypt and Tunisia will see the most activity from international property investors.

The results come after research by Marr International Ltd the company behind HomesGofast.com. They analysed internet traffic and enquiry trends from its network of property websites.

Old favourites such as Dubai remain top of the agenda for international investors however there was one region that took the portal by surprise this was Tunisia.

Read More

IBM's Next 5 in 5

The third annual "IBM Next Five in Five" is a list of innovations that have the potential to change the way people work, live and play over the next five years. The Next Five in Five is based on market and societal trends expected to transform our lives, as well as emerging technologies from IBMs Labs around the world that can make these innovations possible. Find out more at http://www.ibm.com/press/us/en/presskit/26121.wss

Africa: A New Emerging Markets Frontier?

The improvement in economic policy in Africa has certainly contributing to the dynamism of domestic demand and in particular of investment, which is increasingly becoming a driver for growth in the continent.

Africa: A New Emerging Markets Frontier?

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Cleantech is still a fast growing investment theme

Marika Svärdström, founder and principal of Carbon Capital Ventures

Investment in clean technologies has more than tripled in value since 2004, when interest in the sector took off – from $1.8 billion to an expected $6 billion-plus in 2008. And cleantech investment is still growing despite the global economic crisis.

Figures from National Venture Capital Association (NVCA) in the US show that while venture cap investment fell from $7.7 billion to $7.1 billion, a decline of 7%, between quarter two and three last year, investment in cleantech actually increased by 14% (from $800 million to $1 billion).

The world still needs energy and investing in fossil fuel-based energy production carries risks of its own as illustrated by the recent see-saw prices of fossil fuels. The fundamental market drivers for cleantech, and clean energy in particular, have not changed and will continue to push policy, innovation and investment.

• Rising energy prices. While oil prices have come down substantially from their historic highs last summer they remain above their historic average. Long-term oil prices are expected to continue to climb, and as the costs of fossil fuel energy are rising the cost of clean energy is falling.

• Concerns over climate change and energy security. Climate change concerns have gone from debate to action. The European Union was first to introduce a mandatory emissions trading scheme in 2005. Regardless of the price of a barrel of oil, Western industrialised countries are dependent on outside energy supplies, with US importing 70% of its oil needs and Europe 55% of its oil and gas needs.

• Rapid growth of emerging economies. The explosive demand for resources in emerging markets, in particularly China and India, puts stress on natural resources and the ecosystem.

• Favourable policies and regulation. Several US and EU states have given mandates to their utilities to generate a certain percentage of electricity from renewable energy.

• Technology breakthroughs and access to capital. Wind power technology has reached market maturity and become a market for large players such as GE, Siemens, and Mitsubishi. Solar power energy is experiencing tremendous growth, with a range of competing technologies and business models.

There are many indications that cleantech and clean energy in particular will remain high on the agenda of governments and provide opportunities for investors and entrepreneurs despite the economic downturn.

First on the policy side, the $700 billion Emergency Economic Stabilization Act passed in the US included several tax breaks and incentives for renewable energy and clean technologies. President-elect Barack Obama has pledge to spend $150 billion over 10 years to promote wind, solar, biomass and other renewable energy resources. With the US consuming nearly 25% of the world’s energy, once the federal government starts putting effective price signals in place, the pace of cleantech innovation is likely to accelerate.

Another encouraging sign came in the form of GE’s announcement in October of the results and expectations from its environmental business. Despite the economic downturn GE expects 2008 revenue from energy efficiency products to increase by 21% to $17 billion since last year and its annual investment in cleaner R&D to surpass $1.4 billion, an increase of $300 million over last year.

Furthermore, at a sector level there have been signs of inflated valuations, with solar being the most notable example. That is now disappearing, corrected by the economic crisis.

When analysing cleantech opportunities it is important to consider that cleantech is a new theme, with markets that are not yet mature. A long-term perspective is critical.

The challenges and how to overcome them

Many cleantech companies are small and lack the finances and competences to grow their business. Surviving the credit crunch will be a challenge for many. Companies selling technology that will earn a quick return in fields such as energy efficiency will be most resilient. Capital-intensive businesses such as energy production are going to have a tougher time in the economic downturn.

In the absence of external funding, improving and managing cash flow is going to be critical and may require a change of business strategy and model. For example, a client of Carbon Capital Ventures in the biogas sector was financed by one of the troubled banks until early October when the bank informed it that there would be no loan. The search for a new loan provider or investor proved very challenging during the months that followed. While continuing the fund raising, the company re-defined its business model and strategy, from a capital-intensive build-operate-and-transfer model to a model of selling technology licenses and charging service fees.

The CEO says that it has been the toughest couple of months in his career. Despite leading a company that is well recognised in its field, with patented technology, operations in Europe and Asia and an order book of over €130 million, raising the necessary funds to grow the business proved to be very difficult. In addition to re-defining the business model, the company turned to customers to ask for upfront payments and to suppliers to negotiate later payment dates.

With a stronger focus on operations and short term cash flow the company is confident that it is able to grow, and to large extent organically, in the coming year. The CEO also points out that these changes may not necessarily be bad but may indeed prove to be positive for the company and its investors in the long run.

What to watch for

Cleantech is not one industry – it comprises a range of sub-sectors among which include solar and wind power generation, bio fuels, energy efficiency, materials, water and transport. Cleantech addresses markets that differ significantly in size, maturity, value chains, investment requirements and different business models. When investing in cleantech, regulatory uncertainty and technology risks are among the main pitfalls.

As an investor it is critical to identify niche sectors, and develop expertise and a strong network of contacts in each cleantech sub-sector. A mixed expertise of technology, politics and economics are required, and an ability to stay ahead of current trends.

As technologies and markets mature different market developments should be expected. Take for example the solar industry, where large established silicon solar companies are competing with each other on driving down costs and scaling up manufacturing. At the same time new solar technologies and business models are emerging, threatening the incumbents to potentially change the competitive landscape entirely.

Notes for investors

• Competing technologies in markets that are not yet mature. For example, FirstSolar, a solar thin-film technology company that has experienced exponential growth between 2006 and 2008 of $135 million to $1.2 billion and is threatening incumbent crystalline silicon solar companies.

• New innovative business models that will accelerate market growth. Historically, business model innovations that make the consumption of a new technology easier, cheaper, more accessible or more convenient have been the best predictor of success in emerging industries. For example SunEdison, a solar financing company, is eliminating the high upfront costs for residential installations by converting each solar power installation into a fixed income security, making it affordable to put up solar panels for consumers.

• Established players focusing on integrating along the value chain in fragmented industry sectors. Acquisition activities. For example SunPower has gone from being a manufacturer of cells to providing installation and financing, strengthening its competitiveness, improving cost control and direct customer relations.

_____________________________________

Carbon Capital Ventures (www.carboncapitalventures.com) provides market insights and advisory services to investors and entrepreneurs operating and interested in cleantech. We provide clients with insightful and robust analysis that enable them to make informed investment decisions. We work closely with entrepreneurs of portfolio companies to help them accelerate the growth of their business.

Carbon Capital Ventures has developed a unique network of technical and commercial experts that provides us access to technology experts in cleantech niches, leading research institutes and incubators, and a leading international business school. We also actively network with VC and PE firms in Europe and US investing in clean technology.

Through this we offer our clients a unique combination of competences in clean technology, policy and market regulation, and business strategy effectively applied to identify outstanding opportunities, successful business models and effective strategies.

The Angel Investor : Introduction

ANGEL INVESTORS NUMBER in the hundreds of thousands and are proliferating at a rapid rate. these affluent individuals provide entrepreneurs and new ventures with needed venture capital, especially when more traditional sources of capital, such as investment banks and larger money management venture capital firms, are not willing to get involved.

Angel investors have been major engines of the booming New Economy. Angel investors generate new ideas, contribute innovative technologies to the marketplace, and inject much-needed vitality into complacent industries. new Ventures occasionally grow into major corporations, such as Microsoft, Dell, America Online, Netscape, and others.

We cannot underestimate how astute many of these investors are. They are self-made millionaires. Over and above their homes and cars, they typically have net worth of $1 million to $10 million, having been extremely successful investors in the public as well as the private market. In most cases, they bank on their own judgment to once again select venture like the one that made them wealthy.

To minimize the confusion about which capital sources are angel investors, I’m going to define some other sources of funds for private companies:

• Institutional investor: A corporation, financial institution, or other organization (e.g., venture capital firm) that uses money raised from another party to provide capital to a private business owned and operated by someone else.
• Friends and family investor: An individual who uses his own money to provide capital to a private business owned and operated by a family member, work colleague, friend or neighbor.
• Informal investor: An individual (not an institution) who uses his own money to provide capital to a private business owned and operated by someone else.

Venture capital itself has been defined as the search for significantly above average long-term investment returns accomplished primarily through equity ownership of or involvement in risky start-up or emerging companies, companies typically managed by experienced executives. Such companies tend to focus on rapidly growing markets and to provide innovative products, technology or services.

Venture investment can range from riskier seed, R&D, and start-up funding at the earlier stages through bridge, acquisition, merger, and turnaround investments at later stages in the development of the venture. Obviously, ventures at the riskier end of the spectrum offer potentially higher returns if they meet their projections.

Typically, seed defines a company in the idea stage, when its process are being organized. R&D is typical of the financing of product development for early-stage but more developed companies, start-up designates a venture completing its product development and initial marketing. At the less-risky end, bridge designates a venture requiring short-term capital to reach stability. Acquisition and merger refer to a company's need for capital to finance an acquisition. Turnaround denotes a venture that needs capital to change from an unprofitable to a more profitable circumstance.

VCs focus on capital efficiency in new deals
Livemint - Delhi,Delhi,India
This year saw a reining in of valuations, on the rise since 2006, when venture and private equity (PE) investing returned to India in a big way, ...

Prospects, hurdles for 2009 in Nigeria Technology sector

Ernest Ndukwe

According to BusinessDay, by October 2008, Nigeria's telecom sector had chalked up 58.9 million subscribers,up from under 500,000 in 2001. As at October this year, the country had hit a teledensity mark of 42.13 percent.Industry authorities describe the country as one of the fastest growing in the world as regards to telecoms.

The telecom sector has created tens of thousands of jobs directly and indirectly and many locals have picked up technology skills. Electronic banking and electronic payment systems are riding on the back of the new telecom infrastructure and delivering service through the mobile phone portal.

A lot of valuable man hours are saved daily as people can now get valuable business and other information by making a phone call, as against in the past when on account of poor communication people had to travel long distances just to get the same information.

Ernest Ndukwe, the executive vice chairman of the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) recently warned telecommunications operators across the country to optimise their networks in order to cope with the volume of traffic expected during the Christmas and New Year festivity periods.

Ndukwe stressed that broadband was the next frontier that needed to be conquered.
"Some of the mobile operators have begun offering services on the 3G platform and subscribers are now able to transmit data across huge wireless bandwidths. Some of the companies have rolled out WiMAX services which are providing broadband services across major cities like Abuja, Lagos and Port Harcourt.

Ndukwe said it was because of the importance placed on extending broadband services to all parts of the country that the commission initiated the State Accelerated Broadband Initiative (SABI) which from implementation would cover all the 36 state capitals across Nigeria and many of the urban and semi urban centres.

"The rationale behind the SABI project is to provide wireless broadband services in Nigerian cities so as to stimulate demand for Internet services and increase usage, and most importantly, this project is to drive broadband to home at affordable levels", he said.

He said that the Wire Nigeria, (WIN) project being facilitated by the commission to ensure provision of optic fibre cable backbone infrastructure across the country, would also compliment the SABI.

"The idea behind the WIN project is to provide a national backbone infrastructure which will allow multiple operators to hook on at any point to deliver quality broadband transmission services across the country," he said.

For their part, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) experts say that in order to benefit fully from the Internet, Nigeria needs to continuously improve its connectivity infrastructure in order to achieve affordable broadband connections. This is even as emerging market trends show that the most significant factor enabling broadband growth is the existence of alternative infrastructures, in particular cables.

Ndukwe kalu, President, Nigerian Internet Regulation Association (NIRA) observed that Nigeria had done fairly well in the area of ICT but advised that there was the need to take sufficient advantage of the massive wealth generation opportunities which local IT development offers.

He said: "In terms of telecoms, there are two verticals we need to look at here, voice and data. For voice, we have done exceptionally well recording 57 million active lines out of a population of 140 million people. That ratio far exceeds the United Nations Organisations (UNO) ratio for telecommunications penetration."

"For data, statistics show Nigeria has one of the lowest broadband usage levels in Africa with less than 10, 000 subscribers. We are a stage worse than what it was in telecoms in 2001", he added.

Internet domain name, after a long and difficult journey, the Nigerian Internet Registration Association NIRA is set to deliver on a key component of its mandate. Come January 1, 2009 NIRA would commence automated and commercial service. Nigerians all over the world and others interested in the .ng open domain would be able to register .ng domains with instant results. Registrations would be possible through any of the NIRA accredited 29 registrars.

The registrars with online payment systems offer instant domain registrations with domains visible one hour later. Apart from the patriotic appeal every Nigerian has every reason to go for a .ng domain. .ng domains would be one of the cheapest cctlds or gtlds in pricing. Also as a virgin domain many brand names are all available for proper name registration. All these make the .Ng domain a key domain of choice.

Pioneer Accredited Registrars appointed for .ng Registry, after a pains taking evaluation process by the Registrar Accreditation committee, the Executive Board has approved the appointment of the first and only set of 29 Pioneer Registrars for the .ng Registry.

The Registrar Accreditation committee headed by the NIRA VP Mary Uduma had received 35 completed applications for the Pioneer Accreditation process. While all 35 were given provisional accreditation after due assessment only 29 could meet all the set criteria for final accreditation. Of these three had primary office locations outside Nigeria, pricelsy, Senegal, UK and the US.

Electricity, the poor electricity supply in Nigeria is proving a major impediment to the operation and growth of Information Technology and other businesses in the country. This makes it difficult to survive at home or to compete in the global arena. The necessary generation of alternative power adds about 30 percent to the cost of doing business in Nigeria. The three tier of government, federal, state and local have agreed to release $5 billion for the completion of the National Integrated Power Project (NIPP). When this is done, we can have some of the power projects completed in 2009. This should improve generation by about 20 percent. Peak power generation for 2008 was about 3,500 megawatts. Experts estimate that power generation could increase by about 1,000 megawatts in 2009. Government says generation should hit 6,000 megawatts in 2009 by industry experts say it would not likely exceed 4,500.

Business Standard 'PEs that survive the next 18 months will emerge winners' Business Standard - Mumbai,Maharashtra,India The sharp fall in markets has also delayed exit opportunities for PE investors. These are the views of the President & CEO of IDFC Private Equity Group, ... See all stories on this topic

Representing the private equity and venture capital industry in ...

African Venture Capital Association is a not-for-profit entity founded to promote, develop and stimulate private equity and venture capital in Africa.

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